Fatty Liver: 15 Signs

1.

Fatigue

Fatigue

Liver steatosis typically takes some time before diagnosis, presenting with many non-specific symptoms in patients. The most common symptoms include fatigue. For people with chronic fatigue, functioning day to day, let alone getting normal chores done, is a lot harder.

Constant fatigue is one of the common signs of many diseases. If the fatigue has nothing to do with a busy lifestyle, then it is advisable to take tests to determine some follow-up diagnosis. Long-term fatigue is a sign that something is wrong with your health, such as fatty liver. Fatty liver is a serious issue that cannot be ignored. Without adequate treatment for fatty liver, the disease can lead to significant complications.

2.

Abdominal Pain

Abdominal Pain

Abdominal pain of a particular type is an important indicator of fatty liver. While all of us have had belly aches at one point or another, sensations can vary. Sometimes, pain is accompanied by stabbing, cramping, or burning sensations — this differs for each source of pain. Intensity can have levels, too.

For instance, patients with fatty liver report abdominal pain to be not just acute but also dull. Determining the area where the action takes place also matters. Fatty liver leads to discomfort in the upper abdomen. More specifically, the area of the abdomen that is the right upper quadrant. This is the location of the liver. The belly pain can be constant or can come and go. It is frequently misdiagnosed as a stomach issue.

3.

Thirst

Thirst

If your doctor has asked if you have noticed excessive thirst in the past few days, this is usually questioned when fatty liver is suspected during the interview. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one form of fatty liver disease that can be linked to metabolic disorders. For instance, fatty liver is particularly common in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

It is possible to use excess thirst in all those who have high sugar levels. This is due to polyuria, which dehydrates the body. The greater fluid loss causes an alarm dialed in the form of intense thirst so that the body can compensate for the loss and prevent dehydration. People with diabetes disease have an increased risk of developing NAFLD.

4.

Bloating

Bloating

Another significant factor indicating fatty liver is bloating. The accumulation of gas can create tension in the belly cavity, which is distressing. Eating a meal with plenty of calories needs to secrete more bile and digestive enzymes from the liver. It can produce short-term pain in the abdomen, maybe joined by swelling.

Such symptoms can even occur in healthy individuals. In comparison, those suffering from a diseased liver are far more likely to develop bloating. Fatty liver is characterized by excess fat in the liver cells, often with an inflammatory process as well. The pathophysiology of this disease process leads to severe liver function and, hence, bloating. Therefore, an abnormal diet can aggravate symptoms of fatty liver.

5.

Sleep Disturbances

Sleep Disturbances

In addition, liver steatosis can also lead to sleeplessness. There are many ways sleep problems can manifest. Sometimes, that can be associated with difficulties going to sleep, trouble staying asleep, or rising too early. Specialists note various sleep conditions seen in these patients who have fatty liver.

To explain this association, they propose this may be related to disruptions in melatonin metabolism, in which the liver appears to be a critical organ. This mechanism is impaired in the course of liver disease, likely due to diminished hepatic perfusion. When conducting an interview, doctors will see sleep problems as an important indicator.

6.

Vomiting

Vomiting

Patients start getting scared when they usually feel sick and vomit. This is a worrying symptom and needs to be reported to the doctor. Vomiting is an inherent process of human organisms for a defensive purpose. Persistent nausea and vomiting can thus signal that something is amiss in the body. If you want to manage this life-inhibiting problem better, the first step is to seek the root cause.

Liver steatosis is one of the causes of chronic and recurrent nausea. Any time that patients have these sorts of symptoms, it may mean that they are on the road to cirrhosis. The later stages of the liver expectorate will vomit blood. Cirrhosis is characterized by bright red vomiting with fusiform contents. This indicates a serious, late-stage fatty liver.

7.

Jaundice

Jaundice

Steatosis of the liver irreversibly leads to the chronic dysfunction of this organ. This liver injury can cause bilirubin accumulation in the blood, leading to jaundice and a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes. When liver steatosis is advanced, the liver will malfunction, and jaundice is a very grave sign. It suggests a progression of liver necrosis.

Here is where liver fibrosis happens, and there are changes in the structure of the liver. Cirrhosis gets worse over time; as it does, symptoms become more severe. The end-stage liver failure is immediately life-threatening and needs urgent treatment. That is why one should be attentive to early symptoms.

8.

Ascites

Ascites

Hepatic steatosis can lead to pathological conditions like ascites. This common yet underappreciated problem consists of the displacement of large amounts of free fluid into the peritoneal cavity in the setting of untreated disease. Ascites could be of many levels of severity. Abdominal circumference increases with patients.

People usually identify it when they immediately feel discomfort while dressing. Patients experience a feeling of fullness in their abdominal cavity. The ascites can mimicked as flatulence. But it is by no means a symptom that was worth ignoring. Ascites also can be a marker of an advanced epoch of hepatic steatosis. This symptom is common in alcoholic steatosis.

9.

Memory Impairment

Memory Impairment

The fatty liver even can have impacts on the brain. Recent research suggests that fatty liver disease can be a factor in cognitive impairment and dementia. Detoxifying removes harmful toxins from the body – the liver is in charge of doing this scenario. Toxins an harmful substances build up in the blood when the liver does not work properly.

They can keep the nervous system and the brain from working correctly.
Then comes a variety of neurological symptoms. Time and space may become difficult for patients to perceive. Such disorders in patients could be mild or advanced and recognizable to those around the patient. Some neurological problems are visible, and there may be the possibility of requiring treatment in hospital. Such patients may suffer permanent neurological deficits.

10.

Enlarged Liver

Enlarged Liver

Fatty liver has a common clinical presentation involving mild to moderate hepatomegaly. This little-known term is a condition of an enlarged liver. A healthy liver is usually not palpable on examination and lies behind the rib arch. If the liver is enlarged, we can palpate it in an abdominal examination.

An enlarged liver cannot do everything it is meant to do, and this symptom can cause many negative effects. How do we identify such an important indication? The stomach circumference increases, and the stomach itself rises. A doctor needs to be consulted if the liver is enlarged and the symptoms occur together.

11.

Loss of Appetite

Loss Of Appetite

An important sign is loss of appetite, which a doctor might inquire about. So, a sick liver can rob you of your appetite. It encourages the patients to eat less, which can also lead to weight loss. A poor diet means important nutrients are not being provided, and this loss of appetite only adds additional stress to the body.

Those who have an appetite and are not receiving proper nutrition tend to suffer from more long-term nutritional deficiencies. Accompanying symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea exacerbate things. When a patient has a fatty liver, poor nutrition impedes healing. Thus, it is best not to wait until such symptoms emerge.

12.

Pruritis

Pruritis

According to some scientific sources, fatty liver can also cause itching. If the liver is diseased, it could lead to an unpleasant itching symptom. In these cases, different body parts may have itching, but most of the itching usually occurs in the extremities. This continual need to scratch may affect patients’ quality of life.

Depending on the day, the intensity of the itching seriously may vary. It may get stronger in the evening or at night, then disrupts sleep. Psychological stress and high temperatures can also aggravate pruritus. While examining the patient, the doctor got the chance to observe that the patient scratched a lot. Management of pruritus in liver disease is challenging and needs special attention.

13.

Petechiae

Petechiae

There can be many kinds of skin lesions due to a diseased liver. Even in fatty liver, cutaneous manifestations may include petechiae. They are small dots that do not go away when a part of the body is pressed. There are multiple causes of blood spot extravasations. It is a sign that is always important and can be observed during an examination by a doctor.

Currently, present spots could mean a late stage of the disease. With cirrhosis, the way blood flows through the circulatory system has issues. Among them, coagulation defects in cirrhosis become skin petechiae. Cirrhosis reduces protein synthesis and causes coagulation disorders. So, you must also watch your skin to see the crucial signs of fatty liver.

14.

Palmar Erythema

Palmar Erythema

The progression of the sickness leads to dilation of the blood vessels, causing vascular changes in the skin. Palmar erythema is another key point that a doctor may find associated with a patient with fatty liver. Palmar erythema are sometimes referred to as liver palms by physicians because this sign can signal that some bad stuff is going on with the liver.

As a symptom, it occurs as a fading redness on the skin. It is predominantly occurring due to high serum estrogen levels and peripheral hemodynamic changes. Palmar erythema is non-specific, occurring in two-thirds of patients with cirrhosis. However, erythema is also one of the skin manifestations in patients with other diseases; thus, differential diagnosis is essential.

15.

Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia refers to benign overgrowth of the mammary glands in men associated with tissue proliferation. This is not a disease but rather a symptom that can be seen in many diseases, one of which is fatty liver. The pathophysiology is complex and likely multifactorial, mediated primarily by the receptor hypersensitivity to estrogens and androgens seen in such patients. These conditions also develop alongside hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction.

Swelling of mammary glands in men is typically associated with the late stages of the disease when cirrhosis of the liver has developed. These are the patients who will require surgery to remove this symptom of gynecomastia. There is also potential for hormonal treatment. However, the most important thing is to treat any underlying disease that causes gynecomastia.

Sources
  • Catiele Antunes, Mohammadreza Azadfard, Gilles J. Hoilat, Mohit Gupta (2023). Fatty Liver.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441992/
  • Pujitha Kudaravalli, Savio John (2023). Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541033/
Updated on February 4, 2025, by Emma Harrison
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